Aspect Details
Author Nahum, a minor prophet whose name means "comforter." Little is known about his life, but his prophecies suggest familiarity with the geopolitical issues of his time.
Date The book is generally dated between 663 and 612 BCE. It references the fall of Thebes (663 BCE) and predicts the fall of Nineveh (612 BCE).
Geopolitical Background The Neo-Assyrian Empire, known for its brutal military campaigns, was at the height of its power but facing internal strife and external threats. Judah was suffering under Assyrian oppression during this time.
Main Themes
  • Judgment upon Nineveh: Nahum prophesied the downfall of Nineveh, the capital of Assyria.
  • God’s justice: Emphasis on God's sovereignty and justice over nations.
  • Vindication for Judah: The coming destruction of Nineveh was seen as divine retribution for their cruelty and a source of hope for Judah.
Literary Style The book is composed of three chapters with vivid and poetic language. It contains:
  • Graphic descriptions of Nineveh’s fall.
  • Metaphors and similes to describe divine judgment and wrath.
  • A mixture of lamentation and taunt against Nineveh.
Key Events
  • The fall of Thebes (No-Amon) as a historical reference.
  • The prophesied destruction of Nineveh.
  • The eventual fulfillment of Nahum’s prophecy with Nineveh’s actual fall in 612 BCE to a coalition of Babylonians, Medes, and Scythians.


Chapter Summary
Chapter 1 Introduction and God's Wrath Against Nineveh: Nahum's vision concerning Nineveh. The chapter introduces Nahum and proclaims the Lord's judgment against Nineveh. It emphasizes God's justice, power, and vengeance against His enemies, and reassures Judah of God's protection.
Chapter 2 The Siege and Fall of Nineveh: A vivid description of the siege and ultimate destruction of Nineveh. The chapter details the attack, the panic of the inhabitants, and the plundering of the great city, symbolizing the downfall of Assyria's power.
Chapter 3 Reasons for Nineveh's Downfall: The chapter elaborates on the reasons behind Nineveh's impending doom, highlighting its sins, violence, and deceit. It portrays the city as a bloody and treacherous place deserving of its fate. The chapter concludes with a taunting lament for the fallen city, emphasizing that its destruction is a consequence of its own actions.